{"id":21442,"date":"2025-05-06T12:30:01","date_gmt":"2025-05-06T11:30:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kral-production.cz\/?p=21442"},"modified":"2025-12-14T17:25:55","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T17:25:55","slug":"trip-do-italie-4-cast-pisa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/?p=21442","title":{"rendered":"Trip do It\u00e1lie &#8211; 4. \u010d\u00e1st &#8211; Pisa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>6. 5. 2025 &#8211; Pisa, It\u00e1lie<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed zast\u00e1vkou na na\u0161ich cest\u00e1ch It\u00e1li\u00ed bylo m\u011bsto Pisa, hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto provincie. Le\u017e\u00ed v severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b, na obou b\u0159ez\u00edch \u0159eky Arno, 10 km v\u00fdchodn\u011b od jej\u00edho \u00fast\u00ed do Ligursk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e. M\u011bsto m\u00e1 rozlohu 185 km\u00b2 a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 89 000 obyvatel.<\/p>\n<p>Pisa je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b svou \u0160ikmou v\u011b\u017e\u00ed (Torre Pendente) a dal\u0161\u00edmi rom\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi budovami v komplexu m\u00edstn\u00ed katedr\u00e1ly na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Piazza dei Miracoli (\u201eN\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed z\u00e1zrak\u016f\u201c).<\/p>\n<p>Pisa byla zalo\u017eena na \u00fast\u00ed \u0159eky Arno pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u0158eky. Podle latinsk\u00fdch spisovatel\u016f vznikla ve 13. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l., 550 let p\u0159ed zalo\u017een\u00edm \u0158\u00edma. Do\u010dasn\u011b pat\u0159ila Etrusk\u016fm, v roce 1991 b\u011bhem archeologick\u00fdch vykop\u00e1vek na \u00fazem\u00ed Garibaldiho ar\u00e9ny byla zdokumentov\u00e1na zdej\u0161\u00ed etrusk\u00e1 nekropole. Za starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma byla Pisa jedn\u00edm z center vl\u00e1dy nad St\u0159edozemn\u00edm mo\u0159em.<br \/>\nVe st\u0159edov\u011bku byla fakticky nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 Pis\u00e1nsk\u00e1 republika d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstavem a jednou z n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch republik (repubbliche marinare).<br \/>\nD\u00edky velk\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstavu Pisa \u017eiv\u011b obchodovala, stala se soupe\u0159em Janova a Ben\u00e1tek. Ve 12. a 13. stolet\u00ed ovl\u00e1dla Sardinii, Korsiku a v\u011bt\u0161inu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed sm\u011brem na jih. Teprve por\u00e1\u017eka v n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed bitv\u011b s Janovem v roce 1284 a postupn\u00e9 zan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstavu bahnem ukon\u010dily toto zlat\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. V roce 1405 se m\u011bsto dostalo pod nadvl\u00e1du Florencie. Medicej\u0161t\u00ed podporovali v\u011bdu, um\u011bn\u00ed a obnovili pis\u00e1nskou univerzitu, na kter\u00e9 koncem 16. stolet\u00ed u\u010dil i zdej\u0161\u00ed rod\u00e1k Galileo Galilei.<br \/>\nV novov\u011bku se \u00fast\u00ed \u0159eky zaneslo bahnem a posunulo, tak\u017ee p\u0159\u00edstav zmizel. M\u00edstn\u00ed univerzita se proslavila a v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je Pisa zn\u00e1m\u00e9 univerzitn\u00ed centrum. Studenti zdej\u0161\u00edch t\u0159\u00ed elitn\u00edch univerzit tvo\u0159\u00ed skoro polovinu obyvatel. Ve 20. stolet\u00ed se Pisa stala turistick\u00fdm m\u011bstem.<\/p>\nngg_shortcode_0_placeholder\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>6. 5. 2025 &#8211; Pisa, It\u00e1lie Dal\u0161\u00ed zast\u00e1vkou na na\u0161ich cest\u00e1ch It\u00e1li\u00ed bylo m\u011bsto Pisa, hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto provincie. Le\u017e\u00ed v severoz\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b, na obou b\u0159ez\u00edch \u0159eky Arno, 10 km v\u00fdchodn\u011b od jej\u00edho \u00fast\u00ed do Ligursk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e. M\u011bsto m\u00e1 rozlohu 185 km\u00b2 a p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 89 000 obyvatel. Pisa je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b svou \u0160ikmou [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21443,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-container-style":"default","site-container-layout":"default","site-sidebar-layout":"default","disable-article-header":"default","disable-site-header":"default","disable-site-footer":"default","disable-content-area-spacing":"default","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,11],"tags":[59,32,25],"class_list":["post-21442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cestovani","category-vylety-do-mest","tag-architektura","tag-cestovani-2","tag-mesta"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21442"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22248,"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21442\/revisions\/22248"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kral-production.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}